Paveway vs. JDAM: A Comparison of Guided Bombs
The United States military utilizes a variety of guided bombs for precision strikes, with two of the most prominent being Paveway and Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM). While both systems enhance the accuracy of conventional bombs, they differ significantly in their guidance mechanisms and capabilities.
Guidance Systems
* Paveway: These bombs rely on laser guidance. A laser designator, typically mounted on the aircraft or a separate ground unit, illuminates the target. The Paveway bomb then follows the laser beam to the target.
* JDAM: These bombs utilize GPS/INS (Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System) guidance. GPS provides precise location data, while the INS maintains course and heading. This allows for autonomous flight to the target without the need for continuous external guidance.
Accuracy
* Paveway: Accuracy is dependent on weather conditions, the skill of the laser operator, and the ability to maintain laser illumination on the target throughout the bomb's flight. Adverse weather can significantly degrade accuracy.
* JDAM: Accuracy is generally higher than Paveway, especially in adverse weather conditions. GPS/INS guidance provides consistent accuracy regardless of weather.
Price
* Paveway: Generally considered less expensive than JDAM.
* JDAM: The addition of the GPS/INS guidance kit increases the overall cost of the weapon.
Why JDAM Despite Higher Cost
Despite the higher cost, the U.S. military favors JDAM for several reasons:
* All-weather capability: JDAM's GPS/INS guidance allows for accurate strikes in various weather conditions, including cloud cover and fog.
* Stand-off capability: JDAM can be launched from greater distances, reducing the risk to the aircraft.
* Reduced collateral damage: Higher accuracy minimizes the risk of civilian casualties and damage to unintended targets.
* Increased flexibility: JDAM can be used against a wider range of targets, including moving targets.
Conclusion
Both Paveway and JDAM are effective precision-guided munitions, but JDAM offers significant advantages in terms of accuracy, flexibility, and all-weather capability. While the higher cost is a factor, the military prioritizes these advantages in modern combat operations.